1 take samples of biological material for molecular genetic testing;

2 Isolate DNA from selected biomaterial, assess the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the isolated DNA material;

3 Establishment of a depositary bank for the storage of saiga biomaterial and DNA;

4 Conducting genome wide genome-wide coverage SNP genotyping on wild populations and captive saigas;

5 Processing of SNP genotyping results (quality control and filtering of SNP markers, selection of polymorphic SNPs);

6 Mitochondrial genome sequencing and evolutionary vector studies, identifying rare and significant mutations in coding genes;

7 Assessment of genetic diversity and degree of genetic differentiation of Kazakh populations of Saiga tatarica tatarica;

8 Development of recommendations aimed at preserving the gene pool of Kazakh populations of Saiga tatarica tatarica.

During the reporting period, the depository Bank was replenished with samples of the found biomaterial of the Ustyurt saiga population and the obtained DNA material. The sequencing results were aligned with the reference genome of Saiga tatarica, which contains about 2.9 billion base pairs collected in 1772199 scaffolds without annotations. The number of readings obtained for each sample ranged from 99,554,798 to 214,952,300. Of these data, 96.45% to 98.43% of the readings were successfully aligned to the reference genome. The most common substitution is A>G, and transitions prevail over transversions (ratio ≈ 2.18). The total length of the mitochondrial genome is ~16,300 base pairs, which indicates the preservation of the size of the mitochondrial genome. The distribution of coding sequences (CDS) is the same and occupies most of the outer ring in both genomes. Regions with high and low GC content show similar patterns, which indicates the conservativeness of the overall genome structure. The analyzed samples demonstrate generally high genetic similarity relative to each other based on mitochondrial genomes. However, the presence of genetic distance in the studied samples may indicate a heterogeneous population structure or geographical variation.

The results of the work done will be as follows:

1 Genotyping will be carried out using genome wide coverage SNPs;

2 The results of SNP genotyping are processed;

3 The mitochondrial genome will be sequenced, the evolutionary vector will be studied, and rare and significant mutations in the coding genes will be identified;

4 The genetic diversity and degree of genetic differentiation of Kazakh populations of Saiga tatarica tatarica will be assessed;

5 Recommendations will be developed to preserve the gene pool of the Kazakh populations of Saiga tatarica tatarica.

Degree of implementation: –

https://doi.org/10.52578/2305-9397-2023-3-1-144-159.
https://doi.org/10.52578/2305-9397-2024-3-1-20-32

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